ZoneBtuBTU per head, per room, per orientation — not one number for the house.

What size mini split does a 500 sq ft bedroom in West Des Moines, IA need?

500 ft² bedroom in West Des Moines, IA
12,000BTU/hr
10,783 BTU/hr of load at 21.6 BTU/ft² — the figure for 1,274 cooling degree days
500 ft² bedroom in West Des Moines, IA12,000 BTU/hrHead size to buy10,783 BTU/hrCalculated load10,000 BTU/hrWhat the 20 BTU/f…
Head size to buy12,000BTU/hr
Calculated load500 ft² × 21.6 BTU/ft²10,783BTU/hr
BTU per square foot hereinterpolated from West Des Moines's 1,274 cooling degree days21.6BTU/ft²
What the 20 BTU/ft² rule givesthis room needs 8% more than the rule says10,000BTU/hr
Summer design temperature92°F
Winter design temperaturea mini split heats too — this is the number that decides whether it can carry the room alone-6°F
Summer day–night swinga fairly dry climate20°F
Days at or above 90°F22days/yr
Oversize from the size stepwithin the normal step11%

Notes

  • The "20 BTU per square foot" rule is a Midwest number. West Des Moines runs 1,274 cooling degree days, which works out to 21.6 BTU/ft² — so for this bedroom the rule is 8% short. A single national figure has to be wrong somewhere, and this is where.
  • Bedroom: the room where oversizing hurts most — quiet, low load, long runtimes wanted.
  • 12,000 BTU/hr sits close to the load, which is where a mini split works best. Inverter equipment is happiest running long and slow at part load; it is the short, hard cycles of an oversized head that leave a room cold and damp.
  • West Des Moines is fairly dry — summer nights stay within 20°F of the day's high, the signature of humid air. A meaningful share of this head's work is removing moisture, and it only removes moisture while it is running. This is the climate where an oversized head produces a room that reads cold and feels clammy.
  • Do not forget the winter side. West Des Moines designs to -6°F. That is cold enough that a standard head will have lost a large part of its rated capacity by the time it is needed most — check the manufacturer's capacity table at -6°F, not the nameplate, and look at hyper-heat rated equipment.
  • Where these numbers come from. Des Moines International, 7 km from downtown West Des Moines, daily records 2015–2024. Design temperatures are calibrated against published ASHRAE values at eight airports and land within about 2°F of them.

The short answer

A 500 square foot bedroom in West Des Moines, IA needs a head of about 12,000 BTU per hour. The calculated load is 10,783 BTU/hr.

Where that number comes from

West Des Moines, IA runs 1,274 cooling degree days a year, which puts the room at 21.6 BTU per square foot rather than the 20 BTU/ft² the generic charts use. Applied to this room the rule gives 10,000 BTU/hr.

The winter half of the question

West Des Moines, IA designs to -6°F. A mini split is a heat pump, and its heating capacity falls as the outdoor temperature drops — the nameplate is measured at 47°F, not at the temperature you actually need it.

Sizing a single room is not sizing a house

There is no other room to absorb a mistake. An oversized head short-cycles, never runs long enough to dehumidify, and leaves the room cold and damp.

Nearby sizes

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